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Acute myocardial ischaemia Terminology, Pathophysiology and Recognition

 

 

Intended Learning Outcomes

Acute myocardial ischaemia Terminology, Pathophysiology and Recognition

  1. Review the latest definition, causes and pathophysiology of acute coronary syndrome
  2. Recognise how to confirm a diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome with the use of the contemporary detection strategies
  3. Demostrate how to manage acute coronary syndrome with the latest strategies
  4. Recognise the evidence based secondary prevention strategy in acute coronary syndrome.
  5. Distinguish between myocardial injury and myocardial infarction (MI)
  6. Distinguish between acute myocardial injury with/without myocardial ischaemia and chronic myocardial injury
  7. Define and differentiate UA, NSTEMI, and STEMI.
  8. Distinguish between acute myocardial injury related to either acute coronary athero-thrombosis (MI type 1) or to an imbalance between myocardial oxygen supply/demand secondary to underlying stressor(s) (MI type 2)
  9. Distinguish between procedural related myocardial injury and procedural related myocardial infarction (MI types 4a or 5)
  10. Discuss the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes describing the role of atherosclerotic plaque, platelets, and the coagulation system.
  11. Describe the therapy for acute coronary syndromes (aspirin, thrombolytic therapy, etc.) in terms of the underlying pathophysiology
  12. Explain the complications of acute myocardial infarction
  13. Define the mechanisms of heart failure and cardogenic shock in coronary artery disease
  14. Triage, identify and activate immediate management strategies of patients with suspected ACS
  15. Apply algorithm diagnostic to rule in/out ACS (ECG, biomarkers and imaging techniques) and confirm a diagnosis of AMI
  16. Distinguish ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI) and non-STEMI by different prognosis and treatment strategy
  17. Detect ACS and distinguish the types of myocardial infarction that can occur in critically ill patients
  18. Discuss the role of primary PCI in the management of AMI and appropriate pharmacotherapy
  19. Establish risk stratification models (clinical, ischemic and bleeding) of STEMI and non-SETMI


eModule Information

Relevant Competencies from CoBaTrICE

Acute myocardial ischaemia Terminology, Pathophysiology and Recognition

  • 1.1 Adopts a structured and timely approach to the recognition, assessment and stabilisation of the acutely ill patient with disordered physiology
  • 1.4 Triages and prioritises patients appropriately, including timely admission to ICU.
  • 2.1 Obtains a history and performs an accurate clinical examination
  • 2.2 Undertakes timely and appropriate investigations
  • 2.4 Performs electrocardiography (ECG / EKG) and interprets the results
  • 2.9 Monitors and responds to trends in physiological variables.
  • 2.10 Integrates clinical findings with laboratory investigations to form a differential diagnosis.
  • 3.1 Manages the care of the critically ill patient with specific acute medical conditions
  • 3.3 Recognises and manages the patient with circulatory failure.
  • 4.1 Prescribes drugs and therapies safely.
  • 5.1 Administers oxygen using a variety of administration devices
  • 11.6 Critically appraises and applies guidelines, protocols and care bundles
  • 12.1 Communicates effectively with patients and relatives
  • 12.2 Communicates effectively with members of the health care team
  • 12.3 Maintains accurate and legible records / documentation
  • 12.4 Involves patients (or their surrogates if applicable) in decisions about care and treatment
  • 12.7 Collaborates and consults; promotes team-working
  • 12.8 Ensures continuity of care through effective hand-over of clinical information